IOSR-JHSS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-11 ~ Nov-2014

Abstract:Ecocriticism is the study of literature in relation with environment and nature. The urgency of examining literature from an ecological point of view is occasioned by the present environmental crisis swept the globe. Ecocriticism tries to find possible solution to correct contemporary ecological situation by analyzing the ways nature and environment are represented in literature. The bringing together of ecocriticism and postcolonialism has given a new impetus to the whole critical thought where the ideas of race, land, environment, wilderness etc. are given new insight.

[1]. Glotfelty, Cheryll. Introduction. The Ecocriticism Reader: Landmarks in Literary Ecology. Ed. Cheryll Glotfelty and Harold Fromm. USA: University of Georgia Press, 1996. pp. xv – xxxvii.
[2]. Buell, Lawrence. ―Ecocriticism: Some Emerging Trends.‖ Qui Parle: Critical Humanities and Social Sciences. Vol. 19. No. 2 ( 2011): pp. 87-115
[3]. DeLoughrey, Elizabeth M. and George B. Handley. Ed. Introduction. Postcolonial Ecologies: Literature of the Environment. New York: Oxford UP, 2011. 3 - 42
[4]. Huggan, Graham. ―Greening Postcolonialism: Ecocritical Perspectives.‖ Modern Fiction Studies. Vol. 5o. No. 3 (2004): pp. 701- 733.
[5]. Slaymaker, William. ―Ecoing the Other(s): The Call of Global Green and Black African Responses.‖ PMLA. Vol. 116. No. 1(2001): pp. 129-144.

Abstract:This paper is based on the two facets of motherhood, as postulated by the feminist theory. The first is the political facet, in which motherhood as an institution serves to enslave a woman. This opinion was entertained by the second wave feminists, who supported the view that institutionalisation of motherhood served the patriarchal design. The second is the personal facet, in which motherhood as an experience serves to empower a woman. This view is supported by the third wave feminists, who proposed 'maternal revivalism' to encourage women to empower themselves through motherhood. Sylvia Plath's poem 'Morning Song' and Eunice De'Souza's poem, 'For Rita's Daughter Just Born' have been analysed to corroborate this assumption.

Keywords: Experience, Feminism, Facet, Institution, Motherhood.

1]. Morning song, Sylvia plath1932-1963 poets org web: http://www.poets.org/ poets org/ poem/morning song.
From Ariel,published by Harper & Row, 1966.copyrights@1966 by Ted Huges.
[2]. ibid
[3]. Bernard, Jessie. The Future of Motherhood. New York: The Dial Press, 1974.
[4]. Beauvoir, Simone de. The Second Sex. Paris: 1949. Trans. and ed. H.M.Parshley.
[5]. ibid

Abstract: There has been increasing trends in the trade of forest products particularly Non Timber Forest Products (NTFP). Increasing trade of forest products has supported economic growth of a number of emerging countries. There is strong evidence that forest products play a significant role in the livelihoods of the rural poor. Forest products are the main sources of income for the tribal population of many countries. In India the central government came with legislation named as The scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act 2006 popularly known as Forest Rights Act (FRA) 2006 to recognize the tenure and occupational rights of forest dwellers.

[1]. Bharath Kumar L. B. (2010) Impact of Non-Timber Forest Products on Tribal Economy – An Econometric Analysis in Western Ghats of Karnataka. Department of Agricultural Economics, College Of Agriculture, Dharwad, Dharwad – 580 005. 9-12
[2]. Forest governances and implementation of REDD+ in India-The energy and Resources Institute –Ministry of Environment and forest –Government of India
[3]. Forest Rights Act 2010, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India, New Delhi.
[4]. Manmohan yadav and kalpana Basera (2013) Status of Forest Products and production and trade-a working paper Series, Centre for Sustainable Forest Management and Forest Certification, Indian Institute of Forest Management, Bhopal

Abstract: Education is a light that shows the mankind the right direction to surge. The purpose of education is not just making a student literate but adds rationale thinking, knowledgeable and self sufficiency. E-learning holds particular relevance to India as the youth constitute its major population and there is no other way to take education in such a scale without the intervention of technology. E- Learning includes all the forms of electronically supported learning and teaching including Edutech.

[1]. Allen, I,.E., and Seaman, J., (2008), staying the course; on line education in the United states 2009, Needham MA; Sloan consortium.
[2]. Adams J., (2004), Second Generation e-learning. An Action –Based Exploration of Design and York University.
[3]. Bates A. and Poole, G. (2003), Effective Teaching with Technology in Higher Education.
[4]. Judith A. Pirani (2010), Supporting E-Learning in Higher Education, Roadmap-Educause Centre for Applied Research.
[5]. Nahy, A (2005), The Impact of E – Learning in: Bruck. P.A. et. al. E- content, Technologies and perspectives for the European Market, Berline:springer – verlab, po.79-98.

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyze value added ratios of a public sector undertaking in India. The sample company selected for the study is Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Value added statements were prepared for this company for eight years from 2004-05 to 2011-12 based on their audited financial statements. Value added ratios were calculated on the basis of value added statements and analysed. This paper focuses on how the Value added ratios were helps to the company to measure the productivity and efficiency of an organization.

[1]. Askren, James W. Bannister and Ellen L. Pavlik (1994) "The impact of performance plan adoption on value added and earnings" Managerial Finance Nov 20 Pp. 27-43.
[2]. Avel haller and herve Stolwy(1995) " value added accounting in Germany and France" presented at annual congress of the Euro-pean Accounting Association ,Birmingham, UK ,may Pp.10-12.
[3]. American Accounting Association, committee on Accounting and Auditing Measurement, 1989-90, Accounting Horizons (Sept 1991), Pp. 81-105.

Abstract: The colorful life of the people, their traditional customs, festivals and dances are some of the components of the rich cultural diversity of India as well as its north-eastern region including Assam. Culture is not a static identity and keeps changing. The changing environmental development makes internal adaptation necessary for culture. Thus, a lot of changes have also been observed in the Mising culture too. The impact of urbanisation and modernization has brought a major eeconomic and socio-cultural transformation among the Mising tribe of Assam. Their society is changing not only in the aspects of socio-economic and political areas butalsointraditional beliefs andcultural practices. With the above background, an attempt has been made to understand the traditional and cultural practices among the Mising Tribe of Assam in particular and rural-urban context in general.

Keywords: Mising Tribe, culture, cultural diversity, cultural Practices

[1] Barman, S (2004): "Pattern of Socio-Economic Change Among Different Communities inChakchaka Development Block of Barpeta District, Assam, an unpublished M.Phil dissertation, Gauhati University. [2] Bhagat, R.B. (1990): "Status of women and Age at Marriage in India", Social Change, Vol.20 (2), pp.20-25. [3] Bordoloi, B.N., Sharma Thakur, G.C. and Saikia, M.C. (1987): Tribes of Assam, Part-1, Tribal Research Institute, Guwahati [4] Chauhan, A. (1990): Tribal Women and Social Change in India,Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi. [5] Chungkurang, M. (2006): "The Ke'bang System of Local Self-Administration of Misings", Promising Action, Sept-Oct, pp 4-5. [6] Das,K., Das, K.C., Roy, T.K. and Tripathy, P.K. (2011):"Dynamics of inter-religious andinter-caste marriages in India" presented in Population Association of 2011 Annual Meeting Program, Washington, D.C.

Abstract: The burden of this paper is an investigation into the nature and functions of logic in African Epistemology. Epistemology inquires into the nature, possibility and veracity of human knowledge. It deals with the object and problems of human knowledge. Logic, on its part, distinguishes correct reasoning from incorrect reasoning. It borders on the criteria or the yardstick for our acclaimed knowledge. Logic and epistemology are among the essential or major branches of philosophy. Logic provides the necessary 'instruments' for proper presentation of what we claim to know. Employing the method of philosophical analysis, this paper states that logic is very essential to the study of African Epistemology. The paper therefore concludes, among other things, that the function of logic in African epistemology is to provide the African epistemologist with good, coherent and systematic approach to objective knowledge acquisition.

[[1]. Aja, E., Logic and Clear Thought: An Invitation to good reasoning 2nd ed., (Enugu: University of Nigeria Press, 2008).
[2]. Anyanwu, K. C. & Ruch, E. A., African Philosophy: An Introduction to the Main Philosophical Trends in Contemporary Africa (Rome: Catholic Book Agency – Officium Libri Catholic, 1981).
[3]. Bello, A. Introduction to Logic (Ibadan: University Press, 2000).
[4]. Copi, I. M, Introduction to Symbolic Logic (New York: Macmillan, 1982).
[5]. Eboh, B. O., Basic Issues in the Theory of Knowledge (Nsukka: Fulladu Publishing Company, 1995).
[6]. Ekarika, J. P., From Nature to Divine: An Introduction to the Study of Religions (Italy: 1984).
[7]. Hamlyn, D. W., The Theory of Knowledge, (London: The MacMillan Press Ltd., 1977).

Abstract: Roads And Drainages Are Indispensable Infrastructures In Our Urban, As Well As Rural Areas. Their State Should Be A Source Of Concern To All Well-Meaning People Of Nigeria. This Research Work Therefore Sought To, And Exposed The State Of Roads And Drainages In Otukpo Urban, Benue State Of Nigeria. The Data Used In This Research Work Were Obtained From Primary And Secondary Sources. The Study Found A High Level Of Dissatisfaction (93:23%) On The Level Of Government's Commitment To Construction And Maintenance Of Roads And Drainages.

[1]. Adeyeri, J.B. (1995). Maintenance of Highways. Conference paper presented at the 1995 National Engineering Conference of the Nigerian Society of Engineers at Owerri. (Processed).
[2]. Areola, D.A (1978). "Soil and Vegetal Resources", in A Geography of Nigerian Development, Heinemann Educational Books, Ibadan. P. 143.
[3]. Cedergren, H.R. (1974). Drainage of Highway and Airfield Pavement. John Wiley lnt. London. Pp. 143-156.
[4]. Iloeje, N.P. (1965). A New Geography of Nigeria, Long mans, London. Pp. 134-140.
[5]. Nmegbu, U.S. (2001). Impact of Po or Drainage System - a case study of Port Harcourt Metropolis, PGD Project, ESUT Environmental Management Programme, Enugu.

Abstract: Social Marketing is a knowledge discipline that is of increasing relevance to healthcare practitioners. It is the systematic application of marketing, along with other concepts and techniques, to achieve specific behavioral goals for a social good. The present study was done to study the impact of social marketing on Maternal and Child Health in Rural Maternity and Child Welfare (RMCW) Homes attached to a large tertiary care hospital. Methods: The study was conducted in Rural Maternity and Child Welfare (RMCW) Homes attached to a Manipal University.

[1] Social Marketing: Influencing Behaviors for Good Philip Kotler and Nancy R. Lee (SAGE 2008). [2] Katherine LD,Bernhart JM, Dogan Eraglu, Social Marketing and Health Communication: From People to Places, American journal of Public Health,Dec 2009,Vol 99,No 12. [3] French J, Blair-Stevens C. Social Marketing: National Benchmark Criteria.National Social Marketing Centre. Available at:http://www.nsms.org.uk/images/CoreFiles/NSMC Social Marketing BENCHMARK CRITERIA Sept2007. pdf. Accessed August 30, 2012. [4] Kotler P, Lee NL, eds. Social Marketing: Influencing Behaviors for Good. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage; 2008.

Abstract: Marital adjustment denotes emotional stability, intellectual efficiency and social effectiveness people. Marriage is the key to whole some adjustment involvement and satisfaction. Marriage is our most common life style. One definition of adjustment is adaptation behavior that permits us to meet the demand of the environment. Also defined as a response to stress. Aim of study investigated the relationship of emotional and social adjustment with marital satisfaction. This research is applied and the research method is "descriptive – analytical". The method of data collected is field and questionnaire. Therefore were used 180 questionnaires. Also, was used "SPSS" method for analyzing data also, was used "SPENIER & ENRICH" questionnaire. On the other hand, case study, couple of ROZBEH consultant center. So, sample size is 100 couple.

[1]. Selman, P. and Parker, J., 1997. Citizenship, Civicness and Social Capital in Local Agenda 21. Local Environment 2(2).
[2]. Ebrahimpour, maryam (2014). Social safety's women in urban public space (Case study: Mashhad metropolitan) . American Journal of Engineering Research . Volume-03, Issue-08, pp-227-233
[3]. Senge, P., 1990. The Fifth Discipline, Double Day Currency, New York.
[4]. Wackernagel, M., Rees, W., 1996. Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impact on the Earth, New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island, BC.
[5]. Bostan H. 2007. Islam and Family Sociology.5th edition, Ghom: Howza& University Research Center
[6]. Tokar, B., 1987. The Green Alternative, R. & E. Miles, San Pedro.

Abstract:The present study has been undertaken to assess the Marketing of Information Products &Services by Central Soil Salinity Research Institute under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research in all the disciplines of CSSRI, Karnal. A well structured questionnaire was distributed among the research-scholars and Scientists of four departments viz Soil and Crop Management, Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Crop Improvement & also Technology Evaluation and Transfer under the Central Soil Salinity Research Institute karnal.The responses were gathered from 35 users (30Scientists and 05 Research Scholars).The findings of the survey reveal useful facts about the marketing of information products & servicesgender wise use the CSSRI library male respondents were 82.85% than female respondents which were 17.14%. Only14.28% respondents were used the off line library that thrice in a Week, 5.71% daily and 28.57% occasionally.

[1]. A. K. Martey. Marketing Products and Services of academic libraries in Ghana. Libri. 50(4), 2000, 261-268.
[2]. Amritpal Kaur. Marketing of Information Services and Products in University Libraries of Punjab and Chandigarh. Electronic Journal of Academic and Special Librarianship. 8(3), 2007.
[3]. Amritpal Kaur, Sarita Rani. Marketing of information services and products in university libraries of Punjab and Chandigarh: A study. IASLIC Bulletin. 52(2), 2007, 83-103.
[4]. Anil Kumar. Marketing of Information Products and Services by the Research Scholars and Faculty members by the Kurukshetra University Library in the disciplines of Social Science: A study, IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science. 19(2), 2014, 1-19.
[5]. B. R. Mandal, A. K, Poddar and J. C, Choudhury. Marketing of INSDOC Services: A Report Libraries and Information Centres as Profit Making Institution: New Delhi. 1998, 88.